SQL Syllabus

• Module 1: Introduction to SQL

  • Overview of Databases
  • Introduction to SQL
  • Types of SQL (DDL, DML, DCL, TCL)
  • Setting Up the Development Environment (Installing SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite)

• Module 2: Basic SQL Commands

  • Creating Databases
  • Using Databases
  • Creating Tables
  • Basic Data Types (INTEGER, VARCHAR, DATE, etc.)
  • Inserting Data into Tables
  • Retrieving Data with SELECT
  • Using WHERE Clause for Filtering

• Module 3: SQL Functions and Expressions

  • Arithmetic and String Operations
  • Using Built-in Functions (e.g., COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX)
  • Date and Time Functions
  • String Functions (e.g., CONCAT, SUBSTRING)
  • NULL Values and COALESCE

• Module 4: Data Retrieval

  • Sorting Data with ORDER BY
  • Filtering Data with WHERE, AND, OR, NOT
  • Pattern Matching with LIKE
  • Using IN and BETWEEN for Range Queries
  • Aggregating Data with GROUP BY and HAVING

• Module 5: Advanced Data Retrieval

  • Joining Tables (INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, FULL JOIN)
  • Cross Joins and Self Joins
  • Subqueries and Nested Queries
  • Common Table Expressions (CTE)
  • Set Operations (UNION, UNION ALL, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)

• Module 6: Data Modification

  • Updating Data with UPDATE
  • Deleting Data with DELETE
  • Truncating Tables with TRUNCATE
  • Inserting Data with INSERT INTO SELECT

• Module 7: File Handling

  • Creating and Dropping Databases
  • Creating, Altering, and Dropping Tables
  • Constraints (PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, CHECK, DEFAULT)
  • Indexes (Creating, Dropping, and Using Indexes)
  • Views (Creating, Altering, Dropping Views)

• Module 8: Transactions and Concurrency

  • Transactions and ACID Properties
  • COMMIT and ROLLBACK
  • Savepoints
  • Isolation Levels
  • Handling Deadlocks

• Module 9: Security and Permissions

  • User Management (Creating, Dropping Users)
  • Granting and Revoking Permissions
  • Roles and Role-Based Access Control
  • Securing Data (Encryption and Masking)

• Module 10: Stored Procedures and Functions

  • Introduction to Stored Procedures
  • Creating and Executing Stored Procedures
  • Input and Output Parameters
  • Creating and Using User-Defined Functions (UDF)
  • Error Handling in Stored Procedures

• Module 11: Triggers and Event Handling

  • Introduction to Triggers
  • Creating and Managing Triggers
  • AFTER and INSTEAD OF Triggers
  • Trigger Best Practices
  • Event Scheduling (e.g., MySQL Event Scheduler)

• Module 12: Performance Optimization

  • Query Optimization Techniques
  • Analyzing Query Performance (EXPLAIN, ANALYZE)
  • Index Optimization
  • Partitioning Tables
  • Caching Strategies

• Module 13: Advanced Topics

  • Recursive Queries
  • Window Functions
  • Full-Text Search
  • Working with JSON Data
  • Spatial Data and GIS Queries

• Module 14: Best Practices and Real-World Applications

  • Writing Clean and Maintainable SQL
  • Database Normalization and Denormalization
  • Data Warehousing Concepts
  • ETL Processes
  • Developing a Complete Database-Driven Application